Joseph Louis Gay Lussac Biography and Profile

Joseph Louis Gay Lussac (Born 6 December 1778 in Saint Léonard de Noblat; † 9 May 1850 in Paris) was a French chemist and physicist. It is today internationally well-known because of its two gas laws until. Joseph Gay Lussac’s father was a judge and was called Antoine Gay, a small property in the proximity of their residence was called actually Lussac. Joseph Louis Gay Lussac was the oldest child of the siebenköpfigen family in a small locality of the French province Limousin.

In November 1794 it went to Paris; due to the famine many pupils were sent again home to their parents – Gay Lussac was allowed to remain because of its good mathematical abilities. Since September 1797 it visited first the polytechnic institute (École Centrale of the Travaux publics) and there later the École national one of the Ponts et Chaussées and made the acquaintance of Claude Louis Berthollet. 1802 it became Repetitor for chemistry to the École polytechnique and held lectures in chemistry and a lecture in the Academy of Sciences.

The scientists were interested at that time in the direction of the magnetic needle and the composition of air in higher air layers. Before (1804) the academy in pc. Petersburg had already made first investigations in a balloon. Institut de France assigned Gay Lussac and Jean Baptiste Biot to make with a balloon measurements. 1802 he formulated the so-called law of Gay Lussac, after which gases expand proportionally with rising temperature, if the pressure remains constant.

The coefficient of the Volumenzunahme, which Gay Lussac per degree of rise in temperature determined, was with 1/266 (actually: 1/273). Law there were mental preliminary work for the Gay Lussac already from some well-known scientists (Amontons, Lambert, Charles), who had not determined however the degree of the expansion during rise in temperature yet precisely enough. Jacques Alexandre César Charles already determined an even expansion of gases (oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen) within the range between 0 100 °C. Gay Lussac developed a procedure for the alcohol regulation and a volumetric procedure for the determination of the Silbergehaltes. It introduced also the measure analysis and titration. Thanks for reading about Biography Gay Lussac.